Workshop on Open, Interactive, and Other Overt Approaches to Learner Modelling

held at the

9th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education
Le Mans, France
July 19--23, 1999

Sunday, 18th July, 9am to 1pm
(see detailed conference programme for details on venue)

Contents

Introduction

Recent learner modelling research has been exploring the opening of the learner model, in the sense of allowing the learner to inspect and control the model, as well as to participate in its creation and management. Several modifiers have been used in referring to this sort of learner modelling: overt, inspectable, open, participative, cooperative, collaborative, learner-controlled, etc. The aim of every approach has been either to improve the quality of the models or to obtain additional benefits from their construction and maintenance beyond the usual adaptation of the environment.

Given the variety of approaches taken, and the different names given frequently to very similar approaches, the aim of this workshop is to serve as a communication medium for people involved in these areas of research to share experiences, results, and promising research directions. Hopefully, a more coherent picture of the broad spectrum of current investigations will emerge as a result.

Overview

A general overview of the workshop content, that is also the introduction to the workshop proceedings, can be found in overview.html

Questions

The workshop will be organised around five questions:
  1. Are open learner models more accurate models?

    A frequent reason for developing open learner models has been that learner collaboration in the modelling task would result in more accurate models of some sort. Other research has suggested, however, that learners know very little about themselves.

  2. Does model openness lead learners to better knowledge?

    Another common reason for opening learner models to learner inspection has been to encourage learners to reflect upon, and be aware of, their own knowledge. Reflection and awareness would then lead to improving the quality of the knowledge acquired by learners.

  3. What else are overt learner models useful for?

    Even if overt learner models were not more accurate, nor they resulted in an immediate improvement on learners' knowledge, they could still be useful tools for a variety of purposes to improving the learning process (for example, facilitating collaboration among learners).

  4. Are overt learner models more easy to design, implement or integrate than more traditional models?

    Another indirect advantage of overt learner models could be that the ratio cost/benefit were better for them than for more traditional (covert) models.

  5. Shall all learner models be open (to everyone)?

    Finally, there could be fundamental ethical reasons for allowing learners' control of learner models, or even of the whole learner modelling process, despite all its possible drawbacks.

Programme

In the first half of the workshop each speaker will make a short presentation on their work. They will be asked to address at least one of these five questions in their presentation. The second half of the workshop will be devoted to a discussion focused on the five questions listed above.

 9.00- 9.10 Helen Pain and Rafael Morales
Welcome and introduction

Session chair: Judy Kay
 9.10- 9.25 Susan Bull and Simon Shurville
Cooperative writer modelling: facilitating reader-based writing with Scrawl
 9.25- 9.40 Vania Dimitrova, John Self and Paul Brna
STyLE-OLM - an interactive diagnosis tool in a terminology learning environment
 9.40- 9.55 Paul Brna, John Self, Susan Bull and Helen Pain
Negotiated collaborative assessment through collaborative student modelling
 9.55-10.10 Julita Vassileva, Jim Greer and Gordon McCalla
Openness and disclosure in multi-agent learner models

10.10-10.15 Very short break

Session chair: Susan Bull
10.15-10.30 Jim E. Greer, Juan-Diego Zapata-Rivera, Carina Ong-Scutchings and John E. Cooke
Visualization of Bayesian learner models
10.30-10.45 Rafael Morales, Helen Pain and Tom Conlon
From behaviour to understandable presentation of learner models: a case study
10.45-11.00 Sam Holden and Judy Kay
The scrutable user model and beyond

11.00-11.20 Break

Session chair: Helen Pain
11.20-12.55 Discussion
Discussion leaders:
Q1: Susan Bull and Paul Brna
Q2: Paul Brna? and Rafael Morales
Q3: Judy Kay and Gordon McCalla
Q4: Jim Greer and Rafael Morales
Q5: Judy Kay and Gordon McCalla
11.20-12.55 Where from here?

Epilogue

Well, the rush is over. The workshop was an enjoyable experience, thanks to all the participants who provided an intellectually rich and socially friendly environment. Hopefully, however, the energy is not over and we will be soon able to collect here conclusions from the workshop, as well as follow up discussions.